Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides

Lam. (1789)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Araliaceae Genus: Hydrocotyle

lawn marsh pennywort, marsh pennywort

img

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial slender herbs.

Stems: Stems slender, creeping, glabrous.

Roots: Roots fibrous, slender.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades not peltate, suborbicular, 0.5–1 cm wide. Surfaces glabrous. Margins shallowly 7-lobed, the lobes crenate, the apical crenation slightly larger than the lateral one. Palmately veined. Petioles not sheathing; slender, 0.5–2 cm long, glabrous. Stipules present.

Flowers: Flowers in umbels, not proliferous, 3–10 flowered, globose; peduncles filiform, longer than the leaves, 5–20 mm long, glabrous. involucre and involucel absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx teeth minute or absent. Corolla of 5 petals, greenish white, yellowish white, or purplish, ovate. Stamens 5, inserted on an epigynous disk. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 per cells, anatropous; styles 2, usually swollen at base into a stylopodium. Styles usually longer than the conical to depressed stylopodium; carpophore absent.

Fruit: Fruit consisting of 2 mericarps connate by their faces (commissure); compressed to flattened laterally; mericarps rounded or acute dorsally; glabrous to pubescent; with ribs 5 acute subequal; filiform; distinct or indistinct; companion cells present in the pericarp; but vittae absent. Mericarps separating at maturity and usually suspended from a persistent axis (carpophore); or carpophore absent; vittae in pericarp. fruit orbicular; 1–1.5 mm in diameter; sessile; glabrous. Seeds 1 per mericarp; embryo small; endosperm cartilaginous. seed face plane to convex.

Ploidy: 2n = 24; 48; 64

Habitat: Naturalized in lawns and other moist; disturbed sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada

Bibliography

Name Published In: Encycl. 3: 153 (1789)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:205 (K, O, M, H)

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing as a ground cover, and out between pavers, behind main office, by trellis. Preserved_Specimen Crago, L.M. 2005220 Oahu BISH 2005-11-01
2 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Boundary of Lihue & Kawaihau Districts. Area called The Blue Hole or The Crater, headwaters of N fork of Wailua River, just N of Mt. Kawaikini and SE of Mt. Waialeale Covering exposed rocks in stream in deep, narrow valley surrounded by vertical cliffs; laced w/waterfalls; undisturbed low wet forest of small, stunted trees & shrubs (Metrosideros, Bobea, Perrottetia, etc.) w/ground cover of pteridophytes, Gunnera, Cyrtandra & Cyanea. Preserved_Specimen Lorence, D.H. 6562 Kauai BISH 1990-06-13
3 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Honolulu, Nuuanu Valley In lawn. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 24701 Oahu BISH 1951-06-29
4 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Pauoa Flats Trail, Tantalus. Along boardwalk From very wet soil, amost mud, shady area Preserved_Specimen Faccenda, K. 1734 Oahu BISH 2021-03-07
5 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Hilo; Hilo Bay Hotel courtyard Against fish pools, growing in the stones. Preserved_Specimen Witztum, A. Hawaii BISH 1995-06-07
6 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu; by old stable site Semi-shady, wet. Preserved_Specimen Baker, R.F. 88 Oahu BISH 1975-04-25
7 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Keanae Arboretum, Keanae Growing in mown lawn. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 1725 Maui BISH 1983-01-06
8 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Hilo; Hilo Bay Hotel coartyard Against fish pools, growing in the stones. Preserved_Specimen Witztum, A. Hawaii BISH 1995-06-07
9 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Waipahu Cultural Gardens, 94-695 Waipahu St Growing in a large cement pot in partial shade. Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2121 Oahu BISH 1986-03-10
10 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Mr. Summer's yard; Kapapala, Kau A small patch in moist place. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 2006 Hawaii BISH 1938-04-20
11 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Waiahole Ditch Trail Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. Oahu BISH 1932-06-01